Mongolia is a country located in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. It has a population of around 3 million people and the official language is Mongolian. Mongolia is known for its vast grasslands, the Gobi Desert, and the Altai Mountains. The country has a rich nomadic culture, and the people of Mongolia have traditionally been herders of sheep, goats, and horses.
Mongolia has
a diverse history, having been ruled by various empires, including the Mongol
Empire, the Yuan Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty. In the 20th century, Mongolia
became a communist state and later transitioned to a multiparty democracy in
the 1990s.
The economy
of Mongolia is based on mining, agriculture, and tourism. The country has
abundant natural resources, including coal, copper, gold, and other minerals,
and it is also home to many historical and cultural sites that attract
tourists.
Mongolia is
also known for its unique nomadic culture, which is based on herding and
horseback riding. Visitors can experience the traditional way of life by
staying with a nomadic family, visiting the famous Naadam festival, or taking a
horse or camel trek across the steppe.
· Ulaanbaatar: The capital city of
Mongolia, which offers a mix of modern and traditional culture, as well as many
historical and cultural sites such as the Gandantegchinlen Monastery and the
National Museum of Mongolia.
· Gobi Desert: A unique desert landscape
with famous singing sand dunes and ancient Silk Road ruins.
· Altai Mountains: A beautiful range of
mountains in the west of the country for hiking, trekking, and horseback
riding.
· Khustain Nuruu National Park: Home to
the endangered Takhi horse, also known as the Przewalski's horse.
· Terelj National Park: A beautiful
area of rolling hills, forests, and valleys, popular for hiking, horseback
riding, and visiting the famous Turtle Rock formation.
· Karakorum: The ancient capital of the
Mongol Empire, home to the famous Erdene Zuu Monastery and the ruins of the
Karakorum city.
· Lake Khuvsgul: The largest and
deepest freshwater lake in Mongolia, known for its beautiful scenery and
importance as a source of fresh water for the local people.
· Orkhon Valley: The ancient site of
the capital of the Uighur Empire, home to many important historical and
cultural sites, including the Orkhon waterfall.
· Bogd Khan Uul National Park: Home to
the Bogd Khan Mountain, the highest mountain in Ulaanbaatar and the only
legally protected mountain in Mongolia.
· The Budaajin Monastery: A Buddhist
monastery located in the middle of the Gobi Desert, built in the 18th century
and one of the last surviving monasteries in the Gobi.
· The White Stupa: A Buddhist stupa
located in the middle of the Gobi Desert, which is said to contain the remains
of the Saint Zanabazar.
· The Yolyn Am: A beautiful valley
located in the Gobi Desert, known for its ice formations that last well into
the summer.
· The Ongi Monastery: A Buddhist
monastery complex located on the banks of the Ongi River, one of the largest
and oldest monasteries in Mongolia.
· The Kharkhorin: A historic town
located in the Orkhon Valley, and the ancient capital of the Mongol Empire.
· The Elsen Tasarkhai: A beautiful
sandy valley located in the middle of the Gobi Desert, known for its unique
sand dunes and beautiful scenery.
· The Zavkhan River: A beautiful river
located in the west of Mongolia, known for its clear water, beautiful scenery
and rich wildlife.
· The Tsagaan Suvarga: A beautiful rock
formation located in the Gobi Desert, known for its unique shape and beautiful
colors.
· The Khar Nuur: A beautiful lake
located in the west of Mongolia, known for its crystal clear water and
beautiful scenery.
· The Tsenkher hot spring: Natural hot
spring located in the Arkhangai province of Mongolia, known for its healing
properties.
· The Bayanzag: A famous site in the
Gobi Desert, also known as the "Flaming Cliffs", known for its rich
dinosaur fossils and beautiful rock formations.